Tag: Federal debt

TAX CUTS OFTEN INCREASE ECONOMIC INEQUALITY

Small government advocates have worked to shrink government by cutting taxes. The results have been exploding economic inequality and federal budget deficits. They are now working to cut state income taxes and local property taxes. This will only expand economic inequality and feed the oligarchy.

SUMMARY: For over 40 years, small government advocates have worked to shrink government by shrinking its revenue, i.e., by cutting taxes. Despite their claims of strong economic growth benefiting everyone, the reality has been exploding economic inequality and federal budget deficits. Now, they are turning their focus to cutting state income taxes and even the local property tax. If they succeed, it will only expand economic inequality and feed the oligarchy that is trying to take over our democracy.

(Note: If you find a post too long to read, please just skim the bolded portions. Thanks for reading my blog!)

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For over 40 years, small government advocates, historically conservative Republicans, have worked to shrink government by shrinking its revenue, i.e., by cutting taxes. At the federal level, they have succeeded in dramatically reducing income taxes on corporations and high-income households.

  • Year       Corporate tax rate          Top personal income tax rate
  • 1950s     50%                                   90%
  • 1970s     High 40%                          70%
  • 1980s     34%                                   50%
  • 2026       21%                                   37%

Republicans and so-called supply-side economists promised that tax cuts would spur economic and job growth resulting in prosperity for all (aka trickle-down economics), but the reality has been exploding economic inequality. Everyday working Americans are struggling with the affordability of the cost of living and many middle-class Americans have seen their dreams and economic security vanish. Meanwhile, the wealth of the wealthy has skyrocketed. Note that if tax cuts did indeed stimulate economic growth, based on the tax cuts documented above, our economy should have been soaring for the last 50 years.

Despite Republicans’ and supply-side economists’ claims that tax cuts would actually increase government tax revenue due to strong economic growth, their tax cuts and increases in military spending have caused the federal budget deficit to explode. The annual budget deficits have grown from under $74 billion in 1980 to almost 30 times that or $2 trillion in 2025. The accumulated federal debt has grown from under $1 trillion in 1980 to $38.5 trillion in 2025. Although Republicans have offset their tax cuts’ increases in the deficit somewhat by cutting social spending, these efforts have met with limited success because of the need for and public support of a social safety net that includes unemployment benefits, food assistance, and subsidized health care when workers fall on hard times.

Republicans and their supply-side economists have also been trying to get states to cut taxes. The focus has typically been on personal and corporate income taxes and they’ve had significant success. Since 2021, twenty-six states have cut their personal and/or corporate income taxes. [1] Massachusetts will likely have two tax cut measures on the November 2026 ballot.

They are proceeding with these tax cut efforts despite the dreadful experience a decade ago in Kansas. In 2012, Kansas dramatically cut its personal and business income taxes based on the supply-side promises of booming economic growth. However, by 2017, state revenue was down hundreds of millions of dollars, economic growth was below average, and the state was having to cut funding for schools and roads. The Republicans in the state legislature voted to repeal the tax cuts, the Republican Governor who’d sponsored the cuts vetoed the repeal, and the Republican legislature voted with an over two-thirds majority to override the Governor’s veto.

Furthermore, in part because not every state has an income tax, the Republicans and their supply-side economists are now targeting the source of 70% of local government revenue, the property tax. They claim that state governments will step in to make up local government shortfalls through sales taxes and other state revenue sources.

Almost inevitably, tax cuts on personal or business income, as well as to property taxes, disproportionately benefit wealthy individuals and corporations. Although middle- and lower-income individuals may see some benefits, the larger benefits go to the well off. This expands the already growing economic inequality in the U.S. For example, one of the Massachusetts proposals would cut the state’s base income tax rate from 5% to 4%. While the proponents state that on average families would get a $1,300 tax break, low-income families would get about $70, those with incomes of roughly $1 million would get $1,000, and the wealthiest families would get $35,000 or more. Similar effects would occur with cuts to, let alone elimination of, property taxes as the wealthiest families have the properties with the highest values.

Note that replacing this lost income or property tax revenue with sales taxes or gambling revenue means using very regressive taxes to replace often progressive ones. Moreover, the loss of government services and supports due to loss of revenue will hit the lowest income families the hardest.

Therefore, these tax cut strategies that Republicans and their supply-side economists are pushing will further increase economic inequality, which will only strengthen the oligarchy that is working to take control of our democracy. If someone tries to tell you they can cut your taxes without cutting the services you get from government, such as schools, roads, public safety, and a safety net for hard times, don’t believe them. There is no such thing as a free lunch. And if they tell you you’ll save a little money, ask them how much the millionaires will save and what you’ll lose from your government in the bargain.

I encourage you to contact your state and local elected officials, as well as your U.S. Representative and Senators, to ask them to support progressive tax policies that support everyday working Americans. [2] Such policies include progressive income tax rates, wealth and unearned income taxes, and fair business taxes. (See this previous post for more on fair taxation.)

For lots of good news, see Jess Craven’s Chop Wood Carry Water blog’s most recent good news Sunday post here.

[1]      Curry Wimbish, W., 4/8/26, “Live tax-free and die,” The American Prospect (https://prospect.org/2026/04/08/apr-2026-magazine-live-tax-free-and-die/)

[2]     You can find contact information for your US Representative at http://www.house.gov/representatives/find/ and for your US Senators at http://www.senate.gov/general/contact_information/senators_cfm.cfm.

REPUBLICAN BUDGET HARMS SENIORS (AMONG MANY OTHERS)

The recently enacted Republican budget bill will harm seniors by reducing Medicaid spending, weakening Social Security, and cutting Medicare. These (and other) budget cuts are being made to help pay for large tax cuts for wealthy individuals and corporations.

The recently enacted Republican budget bill will harm seniors by reducing Medicaid spending, weakening Social Security, and cutting Medicare. These (and other) budget cuts are being made to help pay for large tax cuts for wealthy individuals and corporations.

(Note: If you find a post too long to read, please just skim the bolded portions. Thanks for reading my blog!)

The Republican budget just passed by Congress and signed by President Trump will harm seniors by reducing Medicaid spending, cutting Medicare, and weakening Social Security. Before I get into some of these details, a couple of notes on other provisions of the bill, of which there are many in the nearly 1,000-page bill’s language. As you probably know, 12 million people are projected to lose their health care due to Medicaid cuts of roughly $1 trillion (yes, trillion) over the next ten years. Medicaid provides health insurance for low-income families and seniors including long-term care for millions of seniors (see more below). Cuts to food assistance programs, primarily the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), will increase hunger for millions of families, including many new mothers and babies where malnutrition may have long-term effects on the babies’ development.

All the cuts in the budget are being made to help pay for large tax cuts for wealthy individuals and corporations. Note that the big tax cuts take effect right away, while many of the program cuts don’t go into effect until after the 2026 election. The Republicans hope that because people won’t be experiencing the program cuts before the election that it will be easier to con voters into voting for Republicans.

Most people know that the budget will increase the federal budget’s annual deficits by over $300 billion for a total of $3 trillion (yes, trillion) over the next ten years. However, few people are aware that the bill increases the federal government’s overall amount of allowable, accumulated debt, i.e., the debt ceiling, by $5 trillion. (I’ll document the Republicans’ hypocrisy on raising the debt ceiling in a future post.)

The Trump administration and Republicans are pumping out lots of disinformation about the budget bill in an attempt to keep the public from understanding the harm it will do.

For example, within hours of the passage of the bill, all of you who are seniors, tens of millions of Americans overall, received an email from the Social Security Administration stating that “The bill ensures that nearly 90% of Social Security beneficiaries will no longer pay federal income taxes on their benefits” and that “The new law includes a provision that eliminates federal income taxes on Social Security benefits for most beneficiaries.” [1]

These statements are misleading at best. Only about a quarter (25%) of seniors will see any tax benefit from the bill’s provisions – quite different from the figures used in the Social Security Administration’s email.The bill does not directly eliminate or even reduce taxes on Social Security benefits. What the bill does is temporarily increase the standard income tax deduction by $6,000 for seniors 65 and over. [2] Sixty-four percent of seniors receiving Social Security benefits ALREADY pay no tax on their Social Security payments. This percentage will increase to 88% due to the bill’s provisions. Furthermore, the people who will benefit will be those Social Security recipients who are better off and the richest will benefit the most. By the way, the increase in the income tax deduction will expire in 2028 when Trump’s term in office is ending. [3] [4]

Furthermore, the message from the Social Security Administration didn’t mention that, overall, the budget bill will weaken Social Security by reducing the revenue that flows into the Social Security system. Currently, the Social Security trust fund, built up over many years to help pay Social Security benefits, is projected to run out of money in 2033. After that, Social Security revenue would only be able to pay 77% of promised benefits. Under the Republican budget bill, the Social Security trust fund will run out of money one year earlier, in 2032, and its reduction of future Social Security revenue means that benefits after 2032 would be even lower than the currently projected 77% of the promised level. [5]

The Republican budget’s cuts to Medicaid will harm low-income seniors who qualify for Medicaid (and that they receive in addition to Medicare – which covers all seniors). In particular, it will harm the roughly eight million seniors and people with disabilities whose long-term home and community-based care services are paid for by Medicaid and the 1.5 million seniors in nursing homes. About two-thirds of all nursing home residents are covered by Medicaid. The budget’s Medicaid cuts will significantly reduce revenue for long-term care services and facilities. As a result, 25% of nursing homes are projected to close and over half are likely to have to reduce staff to remain financially viable. Therefore, finding nursing home care, let alone good quality care, will become even more difficult than it is now. [6] [7]

In addition to the direct cuts to Medicaid (government health care coverage for low-income families and seniors), the Republican budget will also force cuts to Medicare (government health care coverage for all seniors). Because of the budget’s large increases in the federal government’s annual budget deficits, the Pay-As-You-Go (PAYGO) Act of 2010 requires across-the-board budget cuts. A mandatory cut of about $50 billion a year to Medicare for each of the next ten years will be required. This cut will take place immediately (while many of the explicit program cuts in the budget are delayed until after the 2026 elections). [8]

Please contact your members of Congress and tell them you are opposed to (or even horrified by) budget cuts that will harm seniors. Tell them you are particularly upset that these cuts are being used to give wealthy individuals and corporations tax cuts. Urge them to speak out against these cuts and to explain to their constituents the toll the Republican budget is taking on seniors and others.

You can find contact information for your US Representative at  http://www.house.gov/representatives/find/ and for your US Senators at http://www.senate.gov/general/contact_information/senators_cfm.cfm.

[1]      Social Security Administration, 7/3/25, “Social Security applauds passage of legislation providing historic tax relief for seniors,” Press Release (https://www.ssa.gov/news/press/releases/2025/?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email#2025-07-03)

[2]      Hubbell, R., 7/7/25, “Stay on task: Overwhelm the opposition,” Today’s Edition Newsletter (https://roberthubbell.substack.com/p/stay-on-task-overwhelm-the-opposition)

[3]      Edelman, L., 7/15/25, “Seniors score, gamblers get rolled in Trump’s ‘big beautiful bill’,” The Boston Globe

[4]      Siegel Bernard, T., 7/8/25, “Social Security email misleading,” The Boston Globe from the New York Times

[5]      Johnson, J., 7/4/25, “Trump Social Security chief applauds budget bill that will harm Social Security’s finances,” Common Dreams (https://www.commondreams.org/news/trump-social-security-budget-bill)

[6]      Lawson, A., 6/30/25, “The Republican nursing home apocalypse,” Common Dreams (https://www.commondreams.org/opinion/gop-nursing-homes)

[7]      National Association of Councils on Developmental Disabilities, Feb. 2025, “Medicaid facts with links to state data,” (https://nacdd.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/250204_NACDD-Medicaid-Fact-Sheet.pdf)

[8]      Dayen, D., 7/3/25, “Republicans are cutting Medicare. Not only Medicaid, Medicare.” The American Prospect (https://prospect.org/politics/2025-07-03-republicans-cutting-medicare-not-only-medicaid/)